MATRICES

 

a) A matrix (plural : matrices) is a rectangular arrays of numbers 

b)Example of matrices are: 

c) The numbers in a matrix are called elements

d) A capital letter used to represent a matrix

e) The order of a matrix is no. of rows X no. of column

Example: In a matrix A above, the order is 2x3, i.e 2 rows and 3 column. 

In matrix B, the order is 3x1

In matrix C, the order is 2x2

f)In general, an mxn matrix has m rows and n columns

Special matrices

a)zero matrix : a matrix which has zeros as all of its element. 

b) Row matrix or row vector: a matrix that has only one row.

Example: (1  2  3)  (35   70   60)  (13   25)

c) Column matrix or column vector: a matrix that has only one column.

Example:

d) Square matrix: a matrix that has the same number of rows and columns. 

Example: 

e) Identify matrix: a square matrix that has elements on its main diagonal (from upper left to lower right) equal tp 1 and all other elements equal to 0.

Example:

f)Identify matrix : a square matrix that has elements on its main diagonal (from upper left to lower right) equal to 1 and all other elements equal to 0.

Then, matrices A and B are equal matrices.

Addition and Subtraction of matrices

Example 1: 

Find,

1) P + Q + R 

2) P - Q + R

Answer of 1:

Answer of 2: 

Questions that you can try:

1. 

2.

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